Valentine Day Sayings Biography
Source (google.com.pk )The inconsistency in the identification of the saint is replicated in the various vita that are ascribed to him. A commonly ascribed hagiographical identity appears in the Nuremberg Chronicle (1493). Alongside a woodcut portrait of Valentine, the text states that he was a Roman priest martyred during the reign of Claudius II, known as Claudius Gothicus. He was arrested and imprisoned upon being caught marrying Christian couples and otherwise aiding Christians who were at the time being persecuted by Claudius in Rome. Helping Christians at this time was considered a crime. Claudius took a liking to this prisoner – until Valentinus tried to convert the Emperor – whereupon this priest was condemned to death. He was beaten with clubs and stones; when that failed to kill him, he was beheaded outside the Flaminian Gate. Various dates are given for the martyrdom or martyrdoms: 269, 270, or 273.[20]
Another popular hagiography describes Saint Valentine as the former Bishop of Terni, a city in southern Umbria, in what is now central Italy. While under house arrest of Judge Asterius, and discussing his faith with him, Valentinus (the Roman pronunciation of his name) was discussing the validity of Jesus. The judge put Valentinus to the test and brought to him the judge's adopted blind daughter. If Valentinus succeeded in restoring the girl's sight, Asterius would do anything he asked. Valentinus laid his hands on her eyes and the child's vision was restored. Immediately humbled, the judge asked Valentinus what he should do. Valentinus replied that all of the idols around the judge's house should be broken, the judge should fast for three days, and then undergo baptism. The judge obeyed and as a result, freed all the Christian inmates under his authority. The judge, his family and forty others were baptized.[21] Valentinus was later arrested again for continuing to serve Jesus and was sent to the prefect of Rome, to the emperor Claudius himself. Claudius took a liking to him until Valentinus tried to lead Claudius to Jesus, whereupon Claudius refused and condemned Valentinus to death, commanding that Valentinus either renounce his faith or he would be beaten with clubs, and beheaded. Valentinus refused and Claudius' command was executed outside the Flaminian Gate February 14, 269.[22]
Churches named Valentine
Saint Valentine baptizing Saint Lucilla by Jacopo Bassano
Saint Valentine was not exceptionally more venerated than other saints and it seems that in England no church was ever dedicated to him.[23] There are many churches containing the name of Valentine in other countries.[citation needed]
A 5th or 6th century work called Passio Marii et Marthae made up a legend about Saint Valentine's Basilica (it:Basilica di San Valentino) being dedicated to Saint Valentine in Rome. A later Passio repeated the legend and added the adornment that Pope Julius I (357-352) had built the ancient basilica S. Valentini extra Portam on top of his sepulchre, in the Via Flaminia.[24] This church was really named after a 4th century tribune called Valentino, who donated the land it's built in.[24] It hosted the martyr's relics until the thirteenth century, when they were transferred to Santa Prassede, and the ancient basilica decayed.[25]
In the Golden Legend
The Legenda Aurea of Jacobus de Voragine, compiled about 1260 and one of the most-read books of the High Middle Ages, gives sufficient details of the saints for each day of the liturgical year to inspire a homily on each occasion. The very brief vita of St Valentine has him refusing to deny Christ before the "Emperor Claudius"[26] in the year 280. Before his head was cut off, this Valentine restored sight and hearing to the daughter of his jailer. Jacobus makes a play with the etymology of "Valentine", "as containing valour".
St. Valentine's Day
For more details on this topic, see Valentine's Day.
English eighteenth-century antiquarians Alban Butler and Francis Douce, noting the obscurity of Saint Valentine's identity, suggested that Valentine's Day was created as an attempt to supersede the pagan holiday of Lupercalia (mid-February in Rome). This idea has lately been contested by Professor Jack Oruch of the University of Kansas. Many of the current legends that characterise Saint Valentine were invented in the fourteenth century in England, notably by Geoffrey Chaucer and his circle, when the feast day of February 14 first became associated with romantic love.[27]
Historian Jack Oruch has made the case that the traditions associated with "Valentine's Day", documented in Geoffrey Chaucer's Parliament of Foules and set in the fictional context of an old tradition, had no such tradition before Chaucer.[28] He argues that the speculative explanation of sentimental customs, posing as historical fact, had their origins among 18th-century antiquaries, notably Alban Butler, the author of Butler's Lives of Saints, and have been perpetuated even by respectable modern scholars. In the French 14th-century manuscript illumination from a Vies des Saints (illustration above), Saint Valentine, bishop of Terni, oversees the construction of his basilica at Terni; there is no suggestion here that the bishop was a patron of lovers.[29]
Relics and liturgical celebration
Shrine of St. Valentine in Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church in Dublin, Ireland
The flower-crowned skull of St. Valentine is exhibited in the Basilica of Santa Maria in Cosmedin, Rome.
In 1836, some relics that were exhumed from the catacombs of Saint Hippolytus on the Via Tiburtina, then near (rather than inside) Rome, were identified with St Valentine; placed in a casket, and transported to the procession to the high altar for a special Mass dedicated to young people and all those in love.
Also in 1836, Fr. John Spratt, an Irish priest and famous preacher, was given many tokens of esteem following a sermon in Rome. One gift from Pope Gregory XVI were the remains of St. Valentine and "a small vessel tinged with his blood." The Reliquary was placed in Whitefriar Street Church in Dublin, Ireland, and has remained there until this day. This was accompanied by a letter claiming the relics were those of St. Valentine.[30]
Another relic was found in 2003 in Prague in Church of St Peter and Paul at Vyšehrad.[31]
Alleged relics of St. Valentine also lie at the reliquary of Roquemaure in France, in the Stephansdom in Vienna, in Balzan in Malta and also in Blessed John Duns Scotus' church in the Gorbals area of Glasgow, Scotland. There is also a gold reliquary bearing the words 'Corpus St. Valentin, M' (Body of St. Valentine, Martyr) at The Birmingham Oratory, UK, in one of the side altars in the main church.
Saint Valentine remains in the Catholic Church's official list of saints (the Roman Martyrology), but, in view of the scarcity of information about him, his commemoration was removed from the General Calendar for universal liturgical veneration, when this was revised in 1969. It is included in local calendars of places such as Balzan in Malta. Some[who?] still observe the calendars of the Roman Rite from the Tridentine Calendar until 1969, in which Saint Valentine was at first celebrated as a simple feast, until 1955, when Pope Pius XII reduced the mention of Saint Valentine to a commemoration in the Mass of the day. It is kept as a commemoration by Traditionalist Roman Catholics who — in accordance with the authorization given by Pope Benedict XVI's motu proprio Summorum Pontificum of July 7, 2007 — use the General Roman Calendar of 1962 and the liturgy of Pope John XXIII's 1962 edition of the Roman Missal, and, as a Simple Feast, by Traditionalist Roman Catholics who use the General Roman Calendar as in 1954.
February 14 is also celebrated as St. Valentine's Day in other Christian denominations; it has, for example, the rank of 'commemoration' in the calendar of the Church of England and other parts of the Anglican Communion.[32]
See also
La Fête du Baiser
Saint Valentine, 8th-century Spanish martyr
Notes
^ a b c Jones, Terry. "Valentine of Rome". Patron Saints Tom. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
^ Calendarium Romanum Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1969), p. 117
^ "Die 14 februarii memoria Romae via Flaminia iuxta pontem Milvium, sancti Valentini, martyris". See Martyrologium Romanum, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2001, p. 141 (February 14).
^ St Valentine's at the Olympic Village. Wikia. Retrieved June 17, 2012.
^ "Holy Days". Church of England (Anglican Communion). 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012. "February 14 Valentine, Martyr at Rome, c.269"
^ Pfatteicher, Philip H. (August 1, 2008). New Book of Festivals and Commemorations: A Proposed Common Calendar of Saints. Fortress Press. p. 86. ISBN 9780800621285. Retrieved October 27, 2012. "IO February 14 The Lutheran Service Book, with its penchant for the old Roman calendar, commemorates Valentine on this date."
^ Martyr Valentinus the Presbyter and those with him at Rome. Orthodox Church in America website.
^ Hieromartyr Valentine the Bishop of Interamna, Terni in Italy. Orthodox Church in America
^ Greek Orthodox names in February
^ Roger Pearse, The Chronography of 354 in "Early Church Fathers online. Retrieved 2012-09-27
^ "XVI kalendas Martii Interamnae Via Flaminia miliario ab Urbe Roma LXIII natale Valentini." In J. B. de Rossi, p. 20 (XVI KL. MAR.). See also M. Schoepflin, p. 40: "the original text".
Valentine Day Sayings Funny Vlentines Day Cards Tumblr Day Quotes Pictures Day Poems Day Memes Poems
Valentine Day Sayings Funny Vlentines Day Cards Tumblr Day Quotes Pictures Day Poems Day Memes Poems
Valentine Day Sayings Funny Vlentines Day Cards Tumblr Day Quotes Pictures Day Poems Day Memes Poems
Valentine Day Sayings Funny Vlentines Day Cards Tumblr Day Quotes Pictures Day Poems Day Memes Poems
Valentine Day Sayings Funny Vlentines Day Cards Tumblr Day Quotes Pictures Day Poems Day Memes Poems
Valentine Day Sayings Funny Vlentines Day Cards Tumblr Day Quotes Pictures Day Poems Day Memes Poems
Valentine Day Sayings Funny Vlentines Day Cards Tumblr Day Quotes Pictures Day Poems Day Memes Poems
Valentine Day Sayings Funny Vlentines Day Cards Tumblr Day Quotes Pictures Day Poems Day Memes Poems
Valentine Day Sayings Funny Vlentines Day Cards Tumblr Day Quotes Pictures Day Poems Day Memes Poems
Valentine Day Sayings Funny Vlentines Day Cards Tumblr Day Quotes Pictures Day Poems Day Memes Poems
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